In the 1930s, Otto Warburg highlighted a singular characteristic of cancer cells: their increased dependence on glucose.
Unlike normal cells, which use mitochondrial respiration in the presence of oxygen, cancer cells favor glycolysis, even under aerobic conditions.
This phenomenon, known as the Warburg effect, enables tumor cells to:
- Rapidly produce energy to meet their metabolic needs.
- Generate essential elements (lipids, amino acids, nucleotides) required for rapid proliferation.
Transcription factors such as HIF-1 (Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1) and specific signaling pathways are involved in this mechanism. This dependence on glucose offers a unique opportunity to develop targeted therapies that disrupt the energy metabolism of cancer cells.
Stress, blood sugar and cancer: a vicious circle
Chronic stress, common in cancer patients, plays a crucial role in blood glucose regulation. It triggers excessive release of the stress hormone cortisol, which :
- Stimulates hepatic glucose production, raising blood glucose levels.
- Aggravates inflammation and compromises treatment efficacy.
Thus, stress indirectly contributes to supplying cancer cells with glucose, reinforcing their growth and survival. Managing stress therefore becomes an essential issue in maintaining balanced blood sugar levels and limiting tumor cells' access to glucose.
Regulating blood sugar levels: practical, personalized strategies
During treatment : Eat according to your needs Priority to a diet that maintains energy and pleasure, while managing side effects (nausea, fatigue). Choose protein-rich foods to maintain muscle mass, and foods that are well tolerated.
Sugar: neither forbidden nor unavoidable Total elimination of sugar is not recommended. A moderate framework, limiting excesses and favoring low-glycemic index sugars (fruit, wholegrain cereals), is preferable. Excessive sugar restriction can lead to a drop in energy and negatively affect well-being (reduced serotonin).
Intelligent food combinations Combine carbohydrates, fiber and protein to slow glucose absorption and prevent glycemic spikes. Limit ultra-processed foods in favor of nutritious, complete options.
The key role of healthcare professionals
Support from doctors or nutritionists is essential for :
Adapt diet during treatment to individual needs.
Guide patients towards a balanced and sustainable diet during remission, while integrating the pleasure of eating.
Conclusion: a global approach to living better with cancer
Managing blood sugar levels in cancer is a delicate balancing act that requires :
- A comprehensive approach integrating nutrition and stress management.
- A pragmatic and flexible diet, adapted to each stage of the treatment process.
Learn more about Pep2Dia to maintain a healthy glycemia!
Sources:
L’effet Warburg
De la théorie du cancer aux applications thérapeutiques en cancérologie
Enabling tumor-specific drug delivery by targeting the Warburg effect of cancer.
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Spinicci K, Powathil G, Stéphanou A.
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Sucre et cancer mythe ou réalité ?
Docteur Delphine LICHTE-CHOUKROUN
Reductive stress-a common metabolic feature of obesity and cancer.
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Le Réseau NACRe
Réseau Nutrition Activité physique Cancer Recherche
https://www.reseaunacre.eu/le-reseau-nacre2